Alchemy Through Chemistry: The Course

1. Introduction To Chemistry
   • 1.1 Chemistry
   • 1.2 Matter And Energy
   • 1.3 Law Of Conservation Of Matter
   • 1.4 Law Of Conservation Of Energy
   • 1.5 Physical States Of Matter
   • 1.6 Chemical And Physical Properties
   • 1.7 Chemical And Physical Changes
   • 1.8 Substances
   • 1.9 Mixtures
   • 1.10 Elements
   • 1.11 Compounds
   • 1.12 Molecules
   • 1.13 Atoms
   • 1.14 The Scientific Method
   • 1.15 Units Of Measurement
   • 1.16 Mass And Weight
   • 1.17 Length
   • 1.18 Volume
   • 1.19 Time
   • 1.20 Temperature
   • 1.21 Standard Reference Temperatures
   • 1.22 Kelvin Or Absolute Temperature
   • 1.23 The Measurement Of Heat
   • 1.24 Density
   • 1.25 Specific Gravity
2. Symbols Through Formulas
   • 2.1 Symbols
   • 2.2 Formulas
   • 2.3 Chemical Equations
   • 2.4 Chemical Reactions
   • 2.5 Atomic Weights
   • 2.6 Avogadro's Number
   • 2.7 Formula Weights, Molecular Weights And Moles
   • 2.8 Percentage Composition From Formulas
3. Origin Of The Atomic Theory
   • 3.1 The Origin Of The Atomic Theory
   • 3.2 The Law Of Conservation Of Mass
   • 3.3 The Law Of Definite Proportions
   • 3.4 Dalton's Hypothesis
   • 3.5 Law Of Multiple Proportions
   • 3.6 Electrons
   • 3.7 Protons
   • 3.8 Radioactivity
   • 3.9 Neutrons
   • 3.10 Isotopes
   • 3.11 The Rutherford-Bohr Atom
   • 3.12 Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
   • 3.13 The Electron Configuration Of Atoms
4. Chemical Bonding
   • 4.1 Chemical Bonding By Electron Transfer Or Ionic Bonding
   • 4.2 Chemical Bonding By Sharing Electrons Or Covalent Bonding
   • 4.3 Covalent Bonds Between Unlike Atoms
   • 4.4 Covalently Bonded Atoms Without Noble Gas Structure
   • 4.5 Electronegativity
   • 4.6 Polarity
   • 4.7 Coordinate Covalence
   • 4.8 Oxidation Numbers
   • 4.9 Octet Rule
   • 4.10 Application Of Oxidation Numbers - Writing Formulas
   • 4.11 Ions Containing More Than One Atom
   • 4.12 Nomenclature Of Compounds
5. Radioactivity
   • 5.1 Radioactivity
   • 5.2 Polonium And Radium
   • 5.3 Nature Of Radiation
   • 5.4 Radioactive Disintegration
   • 5.5 Radioactive Disintegration Series
   • 5.6 Detecting Radiation
   • 5.7 Energy And Nuclear Decay
   • 5.8 Radioactive Isotopes
   • 5.9 Half-Life
   • 5.10 Stability Of Radioactive Isotopes
   • 5.11 Fission
   • 5.12 Fusion
   • 5.13 Transmutation
   • 5.14 Particle Accelerators
6. Kinetic Molecular Theory
   • 6.1 The Kinetic Molecular Theory
   • 6.2 Pressure
   • 6.3 Boyle's Law
   • 6.4 Kelvin Or Absolute Temperature
   • 6.5 Charles' Law
   • 6.6 Standard Conditions Of Temperature And Pressure (S.T.P.)
   • 6.7 Dalton's Law Of Partial Pressures
   • 6.8 Graham's Law Of Diffusion
   • 6.9 Deviations From The Gas Laws
   • 6.10 The Law Of Charles And Gay-Lussac
   • 6.11 Gay-Lussac's Law
   • 6.12 Avogadro's Law
   • 6.13 Relative Densities Of Gases
   • 6.14 Gram-Molecular Volume (G.M.V.) Of Gases
   • 6.15 Combined Gas Law Equation
   • 6.16 Molecular Weights Of Gases
   • 6.17 Volumes Of Gases
   • 6.18 The Ideal Gas Law Equation
   • 6.19 Critical Temperature And Pressure
   • 6.20 Van Der Waals Forces
7. The Liquid State
   • 7.1 The Liquid State
   • 7.2 Evaporation
   • 7.3 Boiling
   • 7.4 Heat Of Vaporization
   • 7.5 Distillation
   • 7.6 Surface Tension
   • 7.7 Solutions
   • 7.8 Henry's Law
   • 7.9 Miscibility
   • 7.10 Standard Solutions
   • 7.11 Concentration Expressed In Physical Units
   • 7.12 Molar Solutions
   • 7.13 Normal Solutions
   • 7.14 Molal Solutions
   • 7.15 Raoult's Law
8. Melting And Freezing
   • 8.1 Melting And Freezing
   • 8.2 Sublimation
   • 8.3 Amorphous Solids
   • 8.4 Crystalline Solids
   • 8.5 Heat Of Fusion
   • 8.6 Properties Of Solids
   • 8.7 Binding Forces In Crystals
   • 8.8 Crystal Defects
   • 8.9 Hydrates
   • 8.10 Deliquescence And Efflorescence
9. Acid-Base Concepts
   • 9.1 Development Of The Acid-Base Concept
   • 9.2 The Arrhenius Theory
   • 9.3 The Bronsted-Lowry Theory
   • 9.4 The Lewis Theory
   • 9.5 Summary Of Acid-Base Theories
   • 9.6 General Properties Of Acids
   • 9.7 General Properties Of Bases
   • 9.8 Salts
   • 9.9 Naming Binary Acids
   • 9.10 Naming Ternary Acids
   • 9.11 Naming Bases
   • 9.12 Anhydrides
   • 9.13 Electrolytes And Nonelectrolytes
   • 9.14 Rate Of Reaction
   • 9.15 The Law Of Chemical Equilibrium
   • 9.16 Le Chatelier's Principle
   • 9.17 Van't Hoff's Law
   • 9.18 Percent Of Ionization
   • 9.19 Ionization Of Water
   • 9.20 The pH Scale
   • 9.21 Acid-Base Indicators
   • 9.22 Acidimetry And Alkalimetry
10. Organic Chemistry
    • 10.1 Hydrocarbons
    • 10.2 Carbon
    • 10.3 Catenation
    • 10.4 Organic Compounds - Classified
    • 10.5 Functional Groups
    • 10.6 Alkanes
    • 10.7 Cycloalkanes
    • 10.8 Alkenes
    • 10.9 Alkynes
11. Hydrocarbon Derivatives
    • 11.1 Hydrocarbon Derivatives
    • 11.2 Halogen Derivatives
    • 11.3 Hydroxy Compounds - Alcohols
    • 11.4 Ethers
    • 11.5 Aldehydes
    • 11.6 Ketones
    • 11.7 Carboxylic Acids
    • 11.8 Esters
    • 11.9 Amines
    • 11.10 Amides