Chronology of Geography, Meteorology, Paleontology, Science Philosophy, and Science Publishing

25 Pomponius Mela formalizes the climatic zone system.
1569 Gerardus Mercator issues the first Mercator projection map.
1620 Francis Bacon analyzes the scientific method in his Great Instauration of Learning.
1686 Edmund Halley presents a systematic study of the trade winds and monsoons and identifies solar heating as the cause of atmospheric motions.
1686 Edmund Halley establishes the relationship between barometric pressure and height above sea level.
1716 Edmund Halley suggests that aurorae are caused by "magnetic effluvia'' moving along the Earth's magnetic field lines.
1822 Gideon Mantell discovers the fossilized skeleton of an iguanodon dinosaur.
1869 Joseph Lockyer starts the scientific journal Nature.
1909 Discovery of the Burgess Shale Cambrian fossil site.
1920 Andrew Douglass proposes dendrochronology dating.
1920 Milutin Milankovich proposes that long term climatic cycles may be due to changes in the eccentricity of the Earth's orbit and changes in the Earth's obliquity.
1947 Willard Libby introduces carbon-14 dating.
1949 Edward Murphy states his law.
1974 Donald Johanson and Tom Gray discover a 3.5 million-year-old female hominid fossil that is 40% complete and name it "Lucy''.
1980 Luis Alvarez, Walter Alvarez, Frank Asaro, and Helen Michel propose that a giant comet or asteroid may have struck the Earth approximately 65 million years ago thereby causing massive extinctions and enriching the iridium in the K-T layer.
1984 Hou Xianguang discovers the Chengjiang Cambrian fossil site.